IndonesiaEnglish

                                           Home

 

About IndonesiaAbout the Embassy
Foreign Affairs
Indonesia - Bulgaria
Indonesia - Albania
Economy
Trade
Investment
Tourism
Energy
Culture
Education
Consular and Visa
Gallery

                                          

 

 












Visit Indonesia

Scholarship for Indonesian Language & Culture

3rd International Students Summer Program,  Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta, 26 June - 6 July 2011
Registration Form

 Indonesian Jewelry







The founding leaders of the Non-Aligned states meet in New York in October 1960. From left: Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia and Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia

 

NON ALIGNED MOVEMENT (NAM)

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is an international organization of states considering themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. It was founded in April 1955; as of 2007, it has 118 members. The purpose of the organization as stated in the Havana Declaration of 1979 is to ensure "the national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries" in their "struggle against imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism, Zionism, and all forms of foreign aggression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics." They represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations's members and comprise 55 percent of the world population, particularly countries considered to be developing or part of the third world’.

A significant milestone in the development of the NAM was the 1955 Bandung Conference, a conference of Asian and African states hosted by Indonesian president Sukarno. The attending nations declared their desire not to become involved in the Cold War and adopted a "declaration on promotion of world peace and cooperation", which included Nehru's five principles. Six years after Bandung, an initiative of Yugoslav president Tito led to the first official Non-Aligned Movement Summit, which was held in September 1961 in Belgrade.

At the Lusaka Conference in September 1970, the member nations added peaceful resolution of disputes and abstention from the big power military alliances and pacts as the aim of the movement. Opposition to stationing of military bases in foreign countries was also added as the movement's aim.

The founding fathers of the NAM are Sukarno of Indonesia, Jawahrlal Nehru of India, and Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia, were Gamal Abdul Nasser of Egypt and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana. Their actions were known as 'The Initiative of Five'.

The NAM has espoused a commitment to world peace and security. At the seventh summit held in New Delhi in March 1983, the movement described itself as the "history's biggest peace movement". The movement places equal emphasis on disarmament. NAM's commitment to peace pre-dates it's formal institutionalization in 1961. The Brioni meeting between heads of governments of India, Egypt and Yugoslavia in 1956 recognised that there exists a vital link between struggle for peace and endeavours for disarmament.

The NAM believes in policies and practices of cooperation, especially those that are multilateral and provide mutual benefit to all those involved. Many of the members of the NAM are also members of the United Nations and both organizations have a stated policy of peaceful cooperation, yet successes that the NAM has had in multilateral agreements tends to be ignored by the larger, western and developed nation dominated UN. African concerns about apartheid were linked with Arab-Asian concerns about Palestine. and success of multilateral cooperation in these areas has been a stamp of moderate success for the NAM. The NAM has played a major role in various ideological conflicts throughout its existence, including extreme opposition to apartheid regimes and support of liberation movements in various locations including Zimbabwe and South Africa. The support of these sorts of movements stems from a belief that every state has the right to base policies and practices with national interests in mind and not as a result of relations to a particular power bloc. The NAM has become a voice of support for issues facing developing nations and is still contains ideals that are legitimate within this context.

Between summits, the NAM is run by the Secretary general elected at last summit meeting. As a considerable part of the movement's work is undertaken at the United Nations in New York, the chair country's ambassador to the UN is expected to devote time and effort to matters concerning the NAM. A Co-ordinating Bureau, also based at the UN, is the main instrument for directing the work of the movement's task forces, committees and working groups.

NAM Summits:

  1. First Conference - Belgrade, September 1-6, 1961

  2. Second Conference - Cairo, October 5-10, 1964

  3. Third Conference - Lusaka, September 8-10, 1970

  4. Fourth Conference - Algiers, September 5-9, 1973

  5. Fifth Conference - Colombo, August 16-19, 1976

  6. Sixth Conference - Havana, September 3-9, 1979

  7. Seventh Conference - New Delhi, march 7-12, 1983

  8. Eighth Conference - Harare, September 1-6, 1986

  9. Ninth Conference - Belgrade, September 4-7, 1989

  10. Tenth Conference - Jakarta, September 1-7, 1992

  11. Eleventh Conference - Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), October 18-20, 1995

  12. Twelfth Conference - Durban, September 2-3, 1998

  13. Thirteenth Conference - Kuala Lumpur, February 20-25, 2003

  14. Fourteenth Conference - Havana, September 15-16, 2006